Hydrocarbons
Organic Chemistry is carbon-basis chemistry. The simplest organic compounds are hydrocarbons. These are compounds made from carbon and hydrogen atoms only. There 4 types of hydrocarbons. The first 3 have straight chains and are called aliphatic hydrocarbons and the last type have ring structures and are called aromatic hydrocarbons .
- Alkanes CnH2n+2 – Only single bonds (saturated)
- Alkanes CnH2n – One or more double bonds (unsaturated)
- Alkanes CnH2n-2 – One or more triple bonds (unsaturated)
- Aromatic – usually single and double bonds (unsaturated)
In all of these structures each carbon atom must have 4 bonds. Alkenes and Alkynes are described as unsaturated because the contain double or triple bonds which can be broken to add other atoms.
- Aromatic – usually single and double bonds (unsaturated)
Other types of organic compounds
In this course it will be important to know other organic functional groups and their compounds (see below).
in this course we will focus on:
- Alcohols
- Carboxylic Acids
- Esters
- Amines
although other functional groups and thier compounds may be mentioned.
[ad#aryshi1]
